Drying-varnish and process of producing same.



UNITEDT ST TE I AUGUST -P. BJERREGAARD, or new roan,

w; coornn, or SAME PLACE.

PAT NT j O F CE.

ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES oRYme-yARNlsH A'NDV RO oas s OFPRODUCING SYA'ME.

' PECIFIGATIONforniing part of Letters Paar. 1%; 29,331, dated Ju1y 25 1899.

Original application filed July 21, 1898, Serial No. 686,488. Dividcdand this application filed May 5,1899. Serial No.

' 715,640. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern; 7

Be it known that I, AUGUsrP. BJERRE- GAARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, State of New York,'have invented a certain new and useful Drying-Varnish and Process of Producing the Same, of

which the following is a description.

This is a divisional case from my applica- '0 tion serially numbered 686,488, filed July 21, 1898. The former application relates to a process forimparting drying properties to varnishes made from copal, fatty drying-oil, and thinning agent. This invention relates,first, r5 to a method of treating varnishes made of copal, fatty oil other than drying-oil, and-a thinning agent with other substances which shall cause the same to receive drying properties, and, second, to the product thus ob- 2o tained.

Hitherto in making fatty-oil and'copal varnishes it has been necessary to selecta fatty drying-oil for that purpose. By the process herein described, however, it is possible to use fatty oils other-thandryingeoils for that purpose, because by it the product may be made to dry. In general the oils which may be so used are those non-drying oils consisting entirely or principally of olein-that is, glycerid of oleic-or similar unsaturated fatty acid. A few examples of'such oils as are not fatty drying-oils are cotton-seed oil, corn-oil, fish-oil, fish-liver oil, and others from which very good results may be obtained.

5 In the preferred manner of carrying out my process I add to the previously boiled and cooled varnish (after thinning it with a suit able agent and when said varnish is at a temperature not above the boiling-point of the thinning agent and preferably at the ordinary atmospheric temperature) a small quantity say two or three per -cent.of an oxid of a metal, preferably the oxid of lead known as litharge, for such oils as are non-drying. 5 For such oils as are sometimes called semidrying oils-that is, oils which possess slight drying properties when exposed to the air in thin films, but which do not dry to a hard coating-a lesser percentage may be used.

This is because such semidrying oils contain variable proportions of linolein or similar drying fatty glycerids. lalso add to the varnish borate of manganese, sulfate of man- 'ganese, or other suitable manganese saltin quantity preferably about one chemical equivalent for each chemical equivalent of the leadoxid used. I then suitably agitate the mixture until the drying property of the .varnish is sufficiently developed. This may take several hours, depending upon the amount of driers added, the characteristics of the varnish acted upon, and the manner of agitating the mass. The lead oxid, to gether with the manganese salt, may be added to the varnish, or either may be added first and the other afterward. While it is preferable to use the lead oxid and the manganese salt in equal molecular proportions for example, in the ratio of two hundred and nineteen pounds oxid of lead to one hundred and '70 ninety-five pounds commercialprecipitated borate of manganese-I find it is not absolutelynecessary to observe these exact proportions, for if, for instance, an excess of lead oxid is used it Willremain in solution in the finished varnish with little, if any, detrimental efiect upon it if the excess is not too great, while if an excess of the manganese salt is used it'will simply remain undissolved,

to be subsequently settled or filtered out, to- 80.

gether with the insoluble lead salt formed by chemical reaction during the operation. I pre fer, however, to avoid using an excess of lead, and in order to prevent any lead remaining in the finished varnish I often use an excess of manganese salt. The amount of lead oxid and manganese salt required in any particular case depends on the kind of varnish operated upon and also upon the drying quality desired in the product. The quicker the prodgo not is desired to dry thegreater must be the proportion of the drying agents. If the product turns out after treatment by this process to dry too fast, the drying property may be reduced by addinga suitable quantity of un- 5 treated varnish. If, on the other hand, it does not dry fast enough, more lead oxid and man- 7 ganese salt may be added, or there may be added to the product enough of very strongly drying varnish to give the desired drying quality to the Whole. Apparently the chemical changes involved in this process consist, in the first place, of a combination between the oxid of lead and the varnish or one or more of its constituents and then, in the second place, of a double decomposition between the so-formed lead compound and the manganese salt, resulting in the formation of a compound of manganese oxid and the varnish or one or more of its constituents and of a salt of lead insoluble in the varnish-as, for example, lead borate when manganese borate is used.

As an illustrative example of how I may carry out my process in practical operations the following directions are given: Assuming it is desired to treat a varnish made (for example, by the process described in my pending application for Letters Patent, Serial No. 644,009, filed July 9, 1897) of kauri, cotton-seed oil, and turpentine in the proper tions of sixty pounds of the oopal, fifteen gallons of the oil, and twenty-two gallons of the thinning agent, I take, say, about one hundred gallons of this varnish and place it in a closed tank fitted with a suitable stirring arrangement. I then add about eight pounds of litharge and about eight pounds of commercial borate of manganese and stir the mass for about three or four hours. During the stirring or agitation it is well to provide against such currents of airas would cause a wasteful loss of the thinning agent by evaporation. After this treatment the resulting product will resemble the varnish before bein g operated upon in all particulars, except in its drying properties. Before treatment it might never have dried dust free, whereas after the treatment above described .it will dry in a comparatively short time.

For convenience of expression in the claims I have used the term non-drying oils, by which I mean fatty oils other than fatty drying-oils, including, of course, the semidrying fatty oils.

I What I claim is 1. The process of treating a varnish made of cop-a1, non-drying fatty oil, and thinning agent, so as to add drying properties thereto, consisting in mixing with the said varnish, at a temperature not above the boiling-point of the thinning agent, driers consisting of an oxid of a suitable metal and a suitable manganese salt, the said driers being substantially in the relative proportions set forth.

2. The process of treating a varnish made of copal, fatty non-drying oil, and thinning agent, so as to add drying properties thereto, consisting in mixing with the said varnish, at a temperature not above theboiling-point of the thinning agent, driers consisting of oxid of lead, and a suitable manganese salt, the said driers being substantially in the relative proportions set forth.

3. A drying-varnish made of copal-gum, nondrying fatty oil, a suitable thinning agent, and driers consisting of an oxid of a suitable metal and a suitable manganese salt, the driers being in substantially the relative proportions set forth.

4. A drying-varnish made of oopalgum, non-drying fatty oil, a suitable thinning agent, and driers consisting of oxid of lead, and a suitable manganese salt, the driers being in substantially the relative proportions set forth;

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses! AUGUST P. BJERREGAARD. lVitnesses:

R. O. MITCHELL, GRACE P. BRERETON, 

